home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Java Source | 2000-05-25 | 4.5 KB | 118 lines |
- //: StormyInning.java
- //////////////////////////////////////////////////
- // Copyright (c) Bruce Eckel, 1998
- // Source code file from the book "Thinking in Java"
- // All rights reserved EXCEPT as allowed by the
- // following statements: You can freely use this file
- // for your own work (personal or commercial),
- // including modifications and distribution in
- // executable form only. Permission is granted to use
- // this file in classroom situations, including its
- // use in presentation materials, as long as the book
- // "Thinking in Java" is cited as the source.
- // Except in classroom situations, you cannot copy
- // and distribute this code; instead, the sole
- // distribution point is http://www.BruceEckel.com
- // (and official mirror sites) where it is
- // freely available. You cannot remove this
- // copyright and notice. You cannot distribute
- // modified versions of the source code in this
- // package. You cannot use this file in printed
- // media without the express permission of the
- // author. Bruce Eckel makes no representation about
- // the suitability of this software for any purpose.
- // It is provided "as is" without express or implied
- // warranty of any kind, including any implied
- // warranty of merchantability, fitness for a
- // particular purpose or non-infringement. The entire
- // risk as to the quality and performance of the
- // software is with you. Bruce Eckel and the
- // publisher shall not be liable for any damages
- // suffered by you or any third party as a result of
- // using or distributing software. In no event will
- // Bruce Eckel or the publisher be liable for any
- // lost revenue, profit, or data, or for direct,
- // indirect, special, consequential, incidental, or
- // punitive damages, however caused and regardless of
- // the theory of liability, arising out of the use of
- // or inability to use software, even if Bruce Eckel
- // and the publisher have been advised of the
- // possibility of such damages. Should the software
- // prove defective, you assume the cost of all
- // necessary servicing, repair, or correction. If you
- // think you've found an error, please email all
- // modified files with clearly commented changes to:
- // Bruce@EckelObjects.com. (Please use the same
- // address for non-code errors found in the book.)
- /////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
- // Overridden methods may throw only the
- // exceptions specified in their base-class
- // versions, or exceptions derived from the
- // base-class exceptions.
-
- class BaseballException extends Exception {}
- class Foul extends BaseballException {}
- class Strike extends BaseballException {}
-
- abstract class Inning {
- Inning() throws BaseballException {}
- void event () throws BaseballException {
- // Doesn't actually have to throw anything
- }
- abstract void atBat() throws Strike, Foul;
- void walk() {} // Throws nothing
- }
-
- class StormException extends Exception {}
- class RainedOut extends StormException {}
- class PopFoul extends Foul {}
-
- interface Storm {
- void event() throws RainedOut;
- void rainHard() throws RainedOut;
- }
-
- public class StormyInning extends Inning
- implements Storm {
- // OK to add new exceptions for constructors,
- // but you must deal with the base constructor
- // exceptions:
- StormyInning() throws RainedOut,
- BaseballException {}
- StormyInning(String s) throws Foul,
- BaseballException {}
- // Regular methods must conform to base class:
- //! void walk() throws PopFoul {} //Compile error
- // Interface CANNOT add exceptions to existing
- // methods from the base class:
- //! public void event() throws RainedOut {}
- // If the method doesn't already exist in the
- // base class, the exception is OK:
- public void rainHard() throws RainedOut {}
- // You can choose to not throw any exceptions,
- // even if base version does:
- public void event() {}
- // Overridden methods can throw
- // inherited exceptions:
- void atBat() throws PopFoul {}
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- try {
- StormyInning si = new StormyInning();
- si.atBat();
- } catch(PopFoul e) {
- } catch(RainedOut e) {
- } catch(BaseballException e) {}
- // Strike not thrown in derived version.
- try {
- // What happens if you upcast?
- Inning i = new StormyInning();
- i.atBat();
- // You must catch the exceptions from the
- // base-class version of the method:
- } catch(Strike e) {
- } catch(Foul e) {
- } catch(RainedOut e) {
- } catch(BaseballException e) {}
- }
- } ///:~